Figure 13.1: A heap to (Windows 2003 server web) be garbage collected.
Figure 13.1: A heap to be garbage collected. Class descriptors are not shown in the diagram. Figure 13.4: Mark-and-sweep collection. Figure 13.7: Copying collection. Figure 13.10: Breadth-first copying collection. Figure 13.12: Generational collection. The bold arrow is one of the rare pointers from an older generation to a newer one. Chapter 14: Object-Oriented Languages Figure 14.2: Single inheritance of data fields. Figure 14.3: Class descriptors for dynamic method lookup. Figure 14.4: Multiple inheritance of data fields. Figure 14.5: Field offsets in descriptors for multiple inheritance. Chapter 15: Functional Programming Languages Figure 15.2: Closures for execution of twice(add(5)). SL=static link; RV=return value; EP=escaping-variables-pointer or environment-pointer. Figure 15.13: printTable as compiled. Chapter 17: Dataflow Analysis Figure 17.8: An illustration of value numbering. (a) A basic block; (b) the table created by the value- numbering algorithm, with hidden bindings shown crossed out; (c) a view of the table as a DAG. Chapter 18: Loop Optimizations Figure 18.1: Some loops; in each case, 1 is the header node. Figure 18.2: None of these contains a loop. Dotted lines indicate reduction of graph (c) by deleting edges and collapsing nodes. Figure 18.3: (a) A flow graph; (b) its dominator tree. Figure 18.4: The loop-nest tree for Figure 18.3a. Each loop header is shown in the top half of each oval (nodes 1, 2, 5,
; a loop comprises a header node (e.g., node 5), all the other nodes shown in the same oval (e.g., node 10), and all the nodes shown in subtrees of the loop-nest-tree node (e.g., 8, 9). Figure 18.5: (a) A loop; (b) the same loop with a preheader. Figure 18.6: Some good and bad candidates for hoisting t . a . b. Figure 18.7: A while loop (a), transformed into a repeat loop (b). Figure 18.9: The basic induction variable i is incremented by different amounts in different iterations; the derived induction variable j is not changed in every iteration. Chapter 19: Static Single-Assignment Form Figure 19.1: (a) A straight-line program. (b) The program in singleassignment form. Figure 19.2: (a) A program with a control-Flow join; (b) the program trans formed to single assignment form; (c) edge-split SSA form. Figure 19.3: (a) A program with a loop; (b) the program transformed to edgesplit single-assignment
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